英文学习的必备习惯：连词成句
来源: 新东方博客　点击数：7470

　　很多人在练习口语的过程中，头脑中出现的是一个个单词，不能连成句子，于是出现舌头打结，头脑馄饨的状态。大部分以为是自己单词量不够，于是开始狂背单词，后来发现还是不见好转，然后开始责怪自己英文没有天赋，然后懈怠放弃。其实不然。

　　问题的关键在于连词成句，也就是以前所说过的珍珠和项链的关系，词汇学习是必须的，但是我们的目的还是用英文表露自己的思想，所以句子这一关非过不可。出去原来所教过的修改名人佳句，今天分享的习惯说穿了就是自己造句。

　　单个词造句

　　传统的造句很简单，给一个词汇，然后造出一个句子，比如apple，然后造出this is an apple。然后等和别人问what is this? 然后自豪的回答this is an apple，虚荣心得到极大的满足。或者查字典，然后学到一些新鲜用法背下来: she is the apple of her father’s eyes（牛津字典）, 然后在提升到更高的层面，用google查出quotes，初级一点的句子比如 an apple a day keeps a doctor away. 稍微有技术含量的句子比如：Anyone can count the seeds in an apple, but only God can count the number of apples in a seed.

　　多个词造句

　　多个词造句的方法就是给出一系列词语，然后用自己的逻辑结构来造句，如同yellow, ball, cat, box，你可以很容易造出这样的句子—a yellow cat kicks the ball in the box。当然也有很多人会把yellow换到不同的词前面修饰，但是却很少有人会造出a yellow ball kicks a cat in the box的。足以证明，当我们在构建句子的时候，关键的还是逻辑思维。高级一点的例子如typical, flatter, extraordinary. 只要把造句当成一个任务来完成，大家很容易想到了从词性下手，如果句子有主谓宾，那么谓语flatter已经出现了，对于动词只需要考虑主动还是被动就可以了，如同I flatter you或者you are flattered by me.　而一般you和I不容易在前面加上形容词，所以通常不用代词。而typical可以变成副词修饰谓语动词，extraordinary修饰名词，比如 an extraordinary writer，然后可以作主语或者宾语，作主语的情况可以是 an extraordinary writer is typically flattered by his readers. 如果extraordinary不修饰人，稍微变通一下可以说a writer is typically flattered by his readers for his extraordinary works. 如果句子不只主谓宾，那么自然可以做成 writers, with extraordinary capabilities, are typically flattered by their readers. 当然，也可以抽象出people, with extraordinary qualities, are typically flattered by their followers. 更可以戏谑的说 only those without extraordinary qualities are typically flattered by their followers. 也可以跳出来，写成one is typically flattered due to something that makes him extraordinary，

　　但是有没有觉得这样很慢？版本很多虽然是好事，但是良莠不齐，我们也很难判断自己造的句子是不是对的或者标准的，只有一个一个去尝试了，收效比较慢。学英语最好的老师，肯定是那些英语好的老外，所以，终日而思，不如须臾之所学，最快捷的方法只要三步就可以了—找句子，选关键词，还原句子。

　　比如：The American economic system is market-oriented economy, in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace.

　　首先在找好这个句子后，读懂分析出句子成分，然后开始寻找关键词，比如American economic system, market-oriented, consumers, produce, money，然后看着这些词，而不要看句子，用刚才对句子的理解，构建出属于你的句子，然后和原句对比。每天练习三句，一个月后就会有明显的效果的。

　　附录：连词成句10句训练

　　1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.

　　[参考译文] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。

　　2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

　　[参考译文] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。

　　3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.

　　[参考译文] 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。

　　4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.

　　[参考译文] 在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体（经济单位）自由签定合同的权利。

　　5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.

　　[参考译文] 同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们（计算机）也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。

　　6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

　　[参考译文] 不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。

　　7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.

　　[参考译文] 残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。

　　8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.

　　[参考译文] 在过去的30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。

　　9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.

　　[参考译文] 它（广告）能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以（使公司）建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。

　　10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.

　　[参考译文] 除去议会有27件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。